Nursing Care Plan for Gastritis
Gastritis
Gastritis is an inflammation (irritation and swelling) of the lining of the stomach.
Causes
There are many causes of gastritis.
The most common are :
- Alcohol
- Erosion (loss) of the protective layer of the stomach lining
- Infection of the stomach with Helicobacter pylori bacteria
- Medications such as aspirin or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
- Smoking
Less common causes are :
- Autoimmune disorders (such as pernicious anemia)
- Backflow of bile into the stomach (bile reflux)
- Eating or drinking caustic or corrosive substances (such as poisons)
- Excess gastric acid secretion (such as from stress)
- Viral infection, especially in people with a weak immune system
Gastritis can last a short time (acute gastritis) or for months to years (chronic gastritis).
Symptoms
- Abdominal pain
- Abdominal indigestion
- Dark stools
- Loss of appetite
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Vomiting blood or coffee-ground like material
Assessment
- Predisposing factors and precipitation
- Predisposing factors are chemicals, smoking, caffeine, steroids, analgesics, anti-inflammatory, vinegar or pepper.
- Precipitation factor is the habit of consuming alcohol and smoking, drug use, diet and irregular diet and lifestyle such as lack of rest.
- Test diagnostics
- Endoscopy: multi erosion would appear that most are usually bloody and lying scattered.
- Examination Hispatologi: will appear mucosal damage due to erosion is never past the muscularis mucosa.
Nursing Diagnosis
- Interference volume of fluid and electrolyte balance is less than body requirements related to inadequate intake, vomiting.
Goal :
Disorders of fluid balance did not occur.
Results Criteria :
Moist mucous membranes, good skin turgor, electrolytes returned to normal, capillary filling pink, stable vital signs, input and output balance.
Intervention :
Assess signs and symptoms of dehydration, vital sign observation, measuring intake and encourage clients to drink out ± 1500-2500ml, observation of skin and mucous membranes, in collaboration with the medical provision of intravenous fluids. - Impaired nutritional needs less than body requirements related to inadequate intake, anorexia.
Goal :
Nutritional deficiencies resolved.
Results Criteria :
Stable weight, normal laboratory values albumin, no nausea and vomiting weight within normal limits, normal bowel sounds.
Intervention :
Assess food intake, body weight balanced on a regular basis, give oral care on a regular basis, encourage clients to eat little but often, give food in warm, auscultation bowel sounds, assess food preferences, supervised laboratory tests such as: Hb, Ht, Albumin. - Impaired sense of comfort pain associated with inflammation of gastric mucosa.
Goal :
Pain can be reduced / lost.
Results Criteria:
Pain gone / controlled, looked relaxed and able to sleep / rest, pain scale shows the number 0.
Intervention :
Review pain scale and location of pain, observation of vital signs, provide a quiet and comfortable environment, encourage relaxation techniques with breath in, do the collaboration in the provision of drugs in accordance with the indication to reduce the pain.
