Nursing Care Plan for Gastritis

Nursing Care Plan for Gastritis


Gastritis

Gastritis is an inflammation (irritation and swelling) of the lining of the stomach.

Causes

There are many causes of gastritis.

The most common are :
  • Alcohol
  • Erosion (loss) of the protective layer of the stomach lining
  • Infection of the stomach with Helicobacter pylori bacteria
  • Medications such as aspirin or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
  • Smoking

Less common causes are :
  • Autoimmune disorders (such as pernicious anemia)
  • Backflow of bile into the stomach (bile reflux)
  • Eating or drinking caustic or corrosive substances (such as poisons)
  • Excess gastric acid secretion (such as from stress)
  • Viral infection, especially in people with a weak immune system

Gastritis can last a short time (acute gastritis) or for months to years (chronic gastritis).

Symptoms
  • Abdominal pain
  • Abdominal indigestion
  • Dark stools
  • Loss of appetite
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Vomiting blood or coffee-ground like material
www.nlm.nih.gov

Assessment
  1. Predisposing factors and precipitation
    • Predisposing factors are chemicals, smoking, caffeine, steroids, analgesics, anti-inflammatory, vinegar or pepper.
    • Precipitation factor is the habit of consuming alcohol and smoking, drug use, diet and irregular diet and lifestyle such as lack of rest.
  2. Test diagnostics
    • Endoscopy: multi erosion would appear that most are usually bloody and lying scattered.
    • Examination Hispatologi: will appear mucosal damage due to erosion is never past the muscularis mucosa.

Nursing Diagnosis
  1. Interference volume of fluid and electrolyte balance is less than body requirements related to inadequate intake, vomiting.

    Goal :
    Disorders of fluid balance did not occur.

    Results Criteria :
    Moist mucous membranes, good skin turgor, electrolytes returned to normal, capillary filling pink, stable vital signs, input and output balance.

    Intervention :
    Assess signs and symptoms of dehydration, vital sign observation, measuring intake and encourage clients to drink out ± 1500-2500ml, observation of skin and mucous membranes, in collaboration with the medical provision of intravenous fluids.
  2. Impaired nutritional needs less than body requirements related to inadequate intake, anorexia.

    Goal :
    Nutritional deficiencies resolved.

    Results Criteria :
    Stable weight, normal laboratory values albumin, no nausea and vomiting weight within normal limits, normal bowel sounds.

    Intervention :
    Assess food intake, body weight balanced on a regular basis, give oral care on a regular basis, encourage clients to eat little but often, give food in warm, auscultation bowel sounds, assess food preferences, supervised laboratory tests such as: Hb, Ht, Albumin.
  3. Impaired sense of comfort pain associated with inflammation of gastric mucosa.

    Goal :
    Pain can be reduced / lost.

    Results Criteria:
    Pain gone / controlled, looked relaxed and able to sleep / rest, pain scale shows the number 0.

    Intervention :
    Review pain scale and location of pain, observation of vital signs, provide a quiet and comfortable environment, encourage relaxation techniques with breath in, do the collaboration in the provision of drugs in accordance with the indication to reduce the pain.
Nursing Interventions for Gastritis

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